Fibromyalgia vs. Myofascial Pain Syndrome: What’s the Difference and Why It Matters
If you’re living with chronic pain, you’ve probably heard terms like fibromyalgia and myofascial pain syndrome used interchangeably. They often get lumped together—after all, both can cause muscle tenderness, fatigue, and a lot of “why does my body feel this way?” moments.
But they’re not the same. And knowing the difference can help you make more informed choices—and get the right kind of care.
What Is Fibromyalgia?
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition rooted in the central nervous system. Imagine your brain turning the volume all the way up on pain signals even when there’s no injury or inflammation.
| Common symptoms include: |
|---|
| Widespread muscle pain and tenderness |
| Fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest |
| “Brain fog” or trouble concentrating |
| Sensitivity to noise, light, temperature, or stress |
| Sleep disturbances |
The issue is not in your muscles…it is in how your nervous system processes pain. This phenomenon is called central sensitization, where the brain becomes more sensitive to pain signals and stays in “threat mode” even when the body is safe.
What Is Myofascial Pain Syndrome?
Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is more mechanical than neurological. It’s caused by dysfunction in the muscles and fascia (the connective tissue wrapping every muscle fiber).
| Signs you may be dealing with MPS: |
|---|
| Localized pain (rather than widespread) |
| Palpable trigger points—tight, irritable muscle knots that can radiate pain |
| Pain that worsens with pressure or use |
| Muscle stiffness, tension, or weakness |
Quick Comparison
| Category | Fibromyalgia | Myofascial Pain Syndrome |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Pattern | Widespread | Localized (specific trigger points) |
| Root Cause | Central nervous system sensitization | Muscle and fascia dysfunction |
| Trigger Points | Tender points (not easily palpable) | Well-defined, palpable trigger points |
| Other Symptoms | Fatigue, sleep issues, brain fog | Stiffness, reduced range of motion |
| Best Support | Nervous system regulation, gentle movement | Manual therapy, dry needling, mobility work |
Why This Matters for Your Healing
Understanding what is driving your symptoms shifts everything.
Where fibromyalgia is about how your brain feels pain, myofascial pain syndrome is about what’s happening in the muscle and fascia tissue.
If fibromyalgia is the root, you’ll benefit most from nervous system support—gentle, consistent care that helps calm an overactive brain.
If myofascial pain is at play, bodywork and targeted movement can make a big difference, often more quickly.
Example: That persistent knot in your shoulder that radiates pain into your neck and jaw? That’s a classic myofascial trigger point—and a signal that your tissue needs local attention, not just general stress relief.
Many people experience overlap between the two. This isn’t about putting you in a box—it’s about understanding your body’s signals and responding with the right tools.
Supportive Steps to Begin Healing Process
You don’t need to do everything at once. Start with small, meaningful shifts in your life.
If You Suspect Fibromyalgia:
- Prioritize deep, consistent sleep
- Try NSDR (Non-Sleep Deep Rest) or Yoga Nidra
- Reduce screen time and stimulants in the evening
- Engage in gentle movement - walking, tai chi, or somatic exercises
- Explore acupuncture, breathwork, or other nervous system regulation tools
If You Suspect Myofascial Pain Syndrome:
- Identify and address trigger points
- Try myofascial release, massage, or dry needling
- Improve posture and alignment through mobility work
- Use heat or topical magnesium to relax muscles
- Avoid staying still too long. Remember "Motion is lotion" for fascia
Final Thoughts
Whether you’re dealing with fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, or both, you’re not broken. Your body is simply asking for support in a language it’s been forced to speak for too long.
With the right understanding and care, managing the condition is possible.
Not sure where to start? This is where individualized care comes in. ArTeva Acupuncture is here to help you figure it out—with science-backed, whole-person treatments that meet you where you are.
References:
Clauw, D. J. (2015). Mayo Clinic Proceedings.
Harte, S. E., Harris, R. E., & Clauw, D. J. (2018). Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research.
Gerwin, R. D. (2001). Acupuncture in Medicine.
Dommerholt, J. (2006). Orthopedic Physical Therapy Clinics.
Huberman Lab Podcast, Episode #68: Pain, Stress & the Nervous System
